What is NOTA in India, and does it change the result?
NOTA lets you go to the polling station and formally reject every candidate on the ballot, without giving up the secrecy of your vote.
By the Janadesh Online editorial team. Facts last checked against the sources below on 25 September 2026.
Where it comes from
On 27 September 2013 the Supreme Court decided People's Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India. It directed the Election Commission to provide a "None of the Above" option on EVMs and ballot papers, and to run awareness campaigns about it.
Why the Court ordered it: secrecy
- A voter who chose no one had to tell the presiding officer
- The decision was recorded in Form 17A with the voter's signature
- The Court held this defeated the secrecy of the ballot
- A NOTA button is provided on the EVM
- The choice is made in secret, like any other vote
- Rules 41(2), 41(3) and 49-O of the Conduct of Elections Rules, 1961 were declared ultra vires
The Court said a voter who chooses not to vote for anyone is entitled to the same secrecy as one who votes for a candidate.
What NOTA does not do
NOTA votes are counted and reported in the results, but NOTA is not a candidate. The seat is still won by the candidate with the most votes, even if NOTA polled more. See how counting decides a winner.
Frequently asked questions
When did NOTA start in India?
The Supreme Court directed the Election Commission to provide it on 27 September 2013, in People's Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India.
Where is the NOTA button on the EVM?
It is the last panel. If 12 candidates contest, NOTA is the 13th panel.
Is my NOTA vote secret?
Yes. The Court struck down the old rule that made voters record a decision not to vote in Form 17A with their signature, because it destroyed secrecy.
If NOTA gets the most votes, is the election cancelled?
No. NOTA is not a candidate. The candidate with the most votes among those contesting is declared elected.
Does NOTA count as a vote?
NOTA votes are counted and reported in the results, but they are not votes for a candidate.
Sources
Janadesh Online is independent and not affiliated with the Election Commission of India. Rules and procedures can change between elections; the Commission’s own notices are the authority. Spotted an error? Tell us on the contact page.
