1991 general election
The 10th Lok Sabha. Polled, counted 16 June 1991. Polling was suspended after Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated on 21 May and resumed in June. Punjab voted in February 1992.
Seats declared
534
268 needed for a majority
Largest party
INC
244 seats · short of a majority
Candidates
8,749
338 women, 42 elected
Turnout
54.39%
27.8 cr of 51.2 cr
The house
534 seats, each dot one constituency
- INC244
- BJP120
- JD59
- CPM35
- CPI14
- TDP13
- ADK11
- JMM6
- JP5
- Others27
Biggest movements
Seat change against the previous general election
JD
-84
INC
+47
BJP
+35
TDP
+11
IND
-11
SADM
-6
Parties
Ordered by seats won
| Party | Won | +/− | Contested | Strike rate | Votes | Share | Share +/− | Deposits lost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INCIndian National Congress | 244 | +47 | 500 | 39.0% | 10,12,85,692 | 36.40% | -3.13 | 60 |
| BJPBharatiya Janata Party | 120 | +35 | 477 | 22.5% | 5,58,43,074 | 20.07% | +8.71 | 189 |
| JDJanata Dal | 59 | -84 | 312 | 22.1% | 3,26,28,400 | 11.73% | -6.07 | 150 |
| CPMCommunist Party of India (Marxist) | 35 | +2 | 63 | 42.1% | 1,70,74,699 | 6.14% | -0.41 | 8 |
| CPICommunist Party of India | 14 | +2 | 43 | 30.4% | 68,98,340 | 2.48% | -0.09 | 16 |
| TDPTelugu Desam Party | 13 | +11 | 35 | 38.6% | 82,23,271 | 2.96% | -0.34 | 1 |
| ADKADK | 11 | 0 | 11 | 62.4% | 44,70,542 | 1.61% | +0.11 | 0 |
| JMMJharkhand Mukti Morcha | 6 | +3 | 14 | 19.6% | 14,81,900 | 0.53% | +0.19 | 8 |
| JPJP | 5 | — | 350 | 5.1% | 92,95,062 | 3.34% | — | 310 |
| SHSShiv Sena | 4 | +3 | 22 | 22.7% | 22,08,712 | 0.79% | +0.68 | 5 |
| RSPRevolutionary Socialist Party | 4 | 0 | 9 | 30.6% | 17,49,730 | 0.63% | +0.01 | 4 |
| BSPBahujan Samaj Party | 3 | 0 | 243 | 4.0% | 50,15,347 | 1.80% | -0.26 | 217 |
| FBLAll India Forward Bloc | 3 | 0 | 19 | 11.0% | 11,45,015 | 0.41% | -0.01 | 16 |
| MULIndian Union Muslim League | 2 | 0 | 20 | 6.6% | 8,45,418 | 0.30% | -0.02 | 18 |
| INDIndependent | 1 | -11 | 5546 | 0.4% | 1,15,62,697 | 4.16% | -1.10 | 5529 |
| AGPAsom Gana Parishad | 1 | — | 14 | 17.6% | 14,89,898 | 0.54% | — | 6 |
| JDGJDG | 1 | — | 10 | 37.7% | 13,99,702 | 0.50% | — | 0 |
| ICSSCSICSSCS | 1 | 0 | 28 | 6.7% | 9,82,954 | 0.35% | +0.03 | 25 |
| MIMMIM | 1 | 0 | 2 | 25.7% | 4,56,900 | 0.16% | -0.04 | 1 |
| KECMKerala Congress (M) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 54.0% | 3,84,255 | 0.14% | +0.02 | 0 |
| HVPHaryana Vikas Party | 1 | — | 4 | 13.7% | 3,31,794 | 0.12% | — | 3 |
| NPCNPC | 1 | +1 | 1 | 52.7% | 3,28,015 | 0.12% | +0.04 | 0 |
| MRPMRP | 1 | +1 | 1 | 46.1% | 1,69,692 | 0.06% | +0.01 | 0 |
| ADCADC | 1 | — | 1 | 47.1% | 1,39,785 | 0.05% | — | 0 |
| SSPSamyukta Socialist Party | 1 | 0 | 2 | 22.3% | 1,06,247 | 0.04% | +0.01 | 1 |
| DMKDravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 0 | 0 | 30 | 30.3% | 57,41,910 | 2.06% | -0.33 | 0 |
| PMKPattali Makkal Katchi | 0 | 0 | 32 | 6.4% | 12,83,065 | 0.46% | -0.06 | 29 |
| IPFIPF | 0 | -1 | 23 | 5.2% | 6,44,891 | 0.23% | -0.01 | 22 |
| NAGPNAGP | 0 | — | 11 | 7.3% | 4,94,628 | 0.18% | — | 10 |
| KRSKRS | 0 | 0 | 10 | 9.5% | 4,90,275 | 0.18% | +0.01 | 8 |
| DDPDDP | 0 | 0 | 321 | 0.3% | 4,66,869 | 0.17% | -0.28 | 321 |
| JKPJKP | 0 | — | 15 | 5.0% | 3,50,699 | 0.13% | — | 13 |
| BRPBRP | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8.2% | 3,27,941 | 0.12% | -0.07 | 6 |
| KECKerala Congress | 0 | 0 | 1 | 45.3% | 3,19,933 | 0.12% | +0.09 | 0 |
| PWPPWP | 0 | 0 | 6 | 10.2% | 2,95,402 | 0.11% | -0.11 | 5 |
| UMFUMF | 0 | — | 3 | 10.3% | 2,06,737 | 0.07% | — | 2 |
| LKDLok Dal | 0 | — | 80 | 0.4% | 1,76,723 | 0.06% | — | 80 |
| MCORMCOR | 0 | -1 | 1 | 29.6% | 1,71,767 | 0.06% | -0.02 | 0 |
| URCURC | 0 | — | 9 | 3.1% | 1,70,376 | 0.06% | — | 9 |
| SADMSADM | 0 | -6 | 6 | 7.2% | 1,66,054 | 0.06% | -0.71 | 5 |
Showing the 40 largest parties. The full list is at /api/elections/lok-sabha-1991/parties?limit=500.
States & union territories
Seats and the parties that won them
| State / UT | Seats | Turnout | Won by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | 84 | 47.2% | BJP51JD22INC5JP4 |
| Bihar | 52 | 58.7% | JD31CPI8JMM6BJP5 |
| Maharashtra | 48 | 47.9% | INC38BJP5SHS4CPM1 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 42 | 59.8% | INC25TDP13MIM1BJP1 |
| West Bengal | 42 | 75.1% | CPM27INC5RSP4FBL3 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 40 | 43.4% | INC27BJP12BSP1 |
| Tamil Nadu | 39 | 61.9% | INC28ADK11 |
| Karnataka | 28 | 53.4% | INC23BJP4JP1 |
| Gujarat | 26 | 43.0% | BJP20INC5JDG1 |
| Rajasthan | 25 | 46.4% | INC13BJP12 |
| Odisha | 21 | 52.7% | INC13JD6CPI1CPM1 |
| Kerala | 20 | 72.5% | INC13CPM3MUL2ICSSCS1 |
| Assam | 14 | 71.2% | INC8BJP2ADC1IND1 |
| Punjab | 13 | 22.9% | INC12BSP1 |
| Haryana | 10 | 63.8% | INC9HVP1 |
| Delhi | 7 | 48.0% | BJP5INC2 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 57.0% | INC2BJP2 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 50.2% | INC2 |
| Goa | 2 | 41.7% | INC2 |
| Manipur | 2 | 68.7% | MRP1INC1 |
| Meghalaya | 2 | 52.8% | INC2 |
| Tripura | 2 | 65.1% | INC2 |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 63.5% | INC1 |
| Chandigarh | 1 | 57.3% | INC1 |
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 1 | 64.6% | INC1 |
| Daman and Diu | 1 | 65.5% | BJP1 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 | 80.0% | INC1 |
| Mizoram | 1 | 58.1% | INC1 |
| Nagaland | 1 | 76.4% | NPC1 |
| Puducherry | 1 | 66.0% | INC1 |
| Sikkim | 1 | 57.2% | SSP1 |
Largest victories of 1991
| Constituency | State | Winner | Runner-up | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIKKIM | Sikkim | SSPDIL KUMARI BHANDARI (W) | INDPHUR TSHERING LEPCHA | 1,00,21186.86% |
| TRIPURA WEST | Tripura | INCSANTOSH MOHAN DEO | CPMMANIK SARKAR | 4,28,98477.05% |
| TRIPURA EAST | Tripura | INCBIBHU KUMARI DEVI (W) | CPMBAJU BAN RIYAN | 3,46,65375.37% |
| TARN TARAN | Punjab | INCSURINDER SINGH KAIRON | BSPHARBHAJAN SINGH OSAHAN | 50,64660.01% |
| BARAMATI | Maharashtra | INCAJIT ANNATRAO PAWAR | BJPPRATIBHA LOKHANDE (W) | 3,36,26357.91% |
| CUDDAPAH | Andhra Pradesh | INCY.S. RAJASEKHAR REDDY | TDPC.RAMACHANDRAIAH | 4,18,92554.01% |
| ICHALKARANJI | Maharashtra | INCMANE BALASO ALIAS RAJARAM SHANKARRAO | JDSULTANPURE SADASHIV VIRUPAKSHA | 2,57,05950.32% |
| TIRUCHENDUR | Tamil Nadu | INCDHANUSHKODI ATHINTHAN R. | JDANTON GOMEZ G. | 2,58,77649.80% |
| PANDHARPUR | Maharashtra | INCTHORAT SANDIPAN BHAGWAN | JDKAMBLE ARUN KRISHNAJI | 2,34,80849.73% |
| HAJIPUR | Bihar | JDRAM SUNDER DAS | JPDASAI CHOUDHARY | 3,67,75249.44% |
Closest results of 1991
| Constituency | State | Winner | Runner-up | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKBARPUR | Uttar Pradesh | JDRAM AWADH | BJPBECHAN RAM | 1560.03% |
| CHURU | Rajasthan | BJPRAM SINGH | INCJAI SINGH RATHODE | 1680.03% |
| DAVANGERE | Karnataka | INCCHANNAIAH ODEYAR | BJPS.A. RABINDRANATH | 4550.08% |
| TAMLUK | West Bengal | CPMSATYAGOPAL MISRA | INCJAYANTA BHATTACHARYA | 1,0620.14% |
| CHIRAYINKIL | Kerala | CPMSUSEELA GOPALAN (W) | INCTHALEKUNNIL BASHEER | 1,1060.16% |
| BAPATLA | Andhra Pradesh | TDPVENKATESWARA RAO DAGGUBATI | INCSALAGALA BENJAMIN | 1,0970.18% |
| RAIPUR | Madhya Pradesh | INCVIDYACHARAN SHUKLA | BJPRAMESH BAIS | 9590.23% |
| MALDA | West Bengal | INCABDUL BARKAT ATAUL GHANI KHAN CHOUDHARY | CPMSAILEN SARKAR | 1,8200.26% |
| FEROZEPUR | Punjab | BSPMOHAN SINGH S/O KANSHA SINGH | INCSANTOSH SINGH | 1,2960.30% |
| FIROZABAD | Uttar Pradesh | BJPPRABHU DAYAL KATHERIA | JDSHIV NARAYAN GAUTAM | 1,3320.31% |